Tasiri
Rashin shugabanni na tsaro yana bawa maharan damar yin dannawa, satar kukis na zaman, ko aiwatar da rubutun giciye (XSS) [S1]. Idan ba tare da waɗannan umarnin ba, masu bincike ba za su iya tilasta iyakokin tsaro ba, wanda ke haifar da yuwuwar haɓakar bayanai da ayyukan mai amfani mara izini [S2].
Tushen Dalili
Batun ya samo asali ne daga gazawar saita sabar gidan yanar gizo ko tsarin aikace-aikace don haɗa daidaitattun kawukan tsaro na HTTP. Yayin da ci gaba sau da yawa ke ba da fifiko ga HTML da CSS [S1], ana barin saitunan tsaro akai-akai. Kayan aikin tantancewa kamar MDN Observatory an ƙera su don gano waɗannan matakan kariya da suka ɓace da kuma tabbatar da hulɗar tsakanin mai binciken da uwar garken [S2].
Cikakken Bayani
Maganganun tsaro suna ba mai binciken takamaiman umarnin tsaro don rage lahanin gama gari:
- Manufofin Tsaro na Abun ciki (CSP): Yana sarrafa abin da albarkatun za a iya lodawa, hana aiwatar da rubutun da ba a ba da izini ba da allurar bayanai [S1].
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG10
- Tsaron-Tsaro-Tsaro (HSTS): Yana tabbatar da mai bincike yana sadarwa ne kawai akan amintattun hanyoyin haɗin HTTPS [S2].
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG11
- X-Frame-Zaɓuɓɓuka: Yana hana aikace-aikacen yin shi a cikin iframe, wanda shine babban kariya daga dannawa [S1].
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG12
- X-Nau'in-Zaɓuɓɓuka-Nau'in Abun ciki: Yana Hana mai bincike fassara fayiloli azaman nau'in MIME daban-daban fiye da abin da aka kayyade, yana hana MIME hare-hare [S2].
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG13
Yadda FixVibe yayi gwajinsa
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG14 FixVibe zai iya gano wannan ta hanyar nazarin kanun martanin HTTP na aikace-aikacen yanar gizo. Ta hanyar daidaita sakamakon da aka saba da ka'idodin MDN Observatory [S2], FixVibe na iya tuta bace ko kuskuren rubutun kai kamar CSP, HSTS, da XXCV
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG15
Gyara
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG16 Sabunta sabar gidan yanar gizo (misali, Nginx, Apache) ko aikace-aikacen middleware don haɗa masu kai masu zuwa a cikin duk martani a zaman wani ɓangare na daidaitaccen yanayin tsaro [S1]: Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG17
- Manufa-Tsaron Abun ciki *: Ƙuntata tushen albarkatu zuwa amintattun yankuna.
- Tsarin-Tsaro-Tsaro-Tsaro: Aiwatar da HTTPS tare da dogon
max-age.
Saukewa: ZXCVFIXVIBESEG19
- X-abun ciki-Nau'in-Zaɓuɓɓuka *: Saita zuwa
nosniff[S2]. - X-Frame-Zaɓuɓɓuka *: Saita zuwa
DENYkoSAMEORIGINdon hana dannawa [S1].
